Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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What causes OSA?Obstructive Sleep Apnea is the most common form of sleep apnea. It is often caused when the shape and size of a person’s lower face, mouth, and tongue form a smaller than average airway. Some people are genetically predisposed to a smaller airway while others develop a smaller airway due to obesity or tonsil enlargement.
What is my risk for having or developing OSA?Excess weight.
The risk increases as a person becomes more and more overweight, but not everyone who has sleep apnea is overweight. To find out whether or not your are overweight click here to calculate your Body Mass Index (BMI). Older age. | 40+ for men, 50+ for women The risk increases with age, but OSA can occur at any age. Large neck size. | >17 inches for men, > 16 inches for women When neck size is larger due to fatty tissue, this extra tissue can block the airway. Being male. OSA is twice as likely to occur in men than women. Smoking. People who smoke have higher risk for OSA. Sedating medication. Anti-anxiety medications, sedatives, or other substances such as alcohol that make a person more sleepy can make apnea more severe. Family history. People with family members who have sleep apnea are more likely to have sleep apnea. This could be due to commonality between family members in lifestyle choices or via inherited physical traits. |
Central
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What causes CSA?Central Sleep Apnea is often caused by a bigger medical condition such as stroke or drug addiction.
What is my risk for having or developing CSA?Older Age.
CSA is more common among those over age 65 years. Being male. Men are more likely to have CSA than women. |
References
American Academy of Sleep Medicine. (2014). Sleep apnea: Symptoms and risk factors. Retrieved from
http://www.sleepeducation.com/essentials-in-sleep/sleep-apnea/symptoms-risk-factors
Badr, M.S. (2014). Central sleep apnea: Risk factors, clinical presentation, and diagnosis. UpToDate. Topic 7701. Version 14.0. Retrieved from http://www.uptodate.com.byui.idm.oclc.org/contents/central-sleep-apnea-risk-factors-clinical-presentation-and-diagnosis?source=machineLearning&search=central+sleep+apnea&selectedTitle=1%7E46§ionRank=1&anchor=H3#H3
Schmidt-Nowara, W. (2014). Patient information: Sleep apnea in adults (Beyond the basics). UpToDate. 7719. Version 18.0 Retrieved from http://www.uptodate.com.byui.idm.oclc.org/contents/sleep-apnea-in-adults-beyond-the-basics?source=see_link
http://www.sleepeducation.com/essentials-in-sleep/sleep-apnea/symptoms-risk-factors
Badr, M.S. (2014). Central sleep apnea: Risk factors, clinical presentation, and diagnosis. UpToDate. Topic 7701. Version 14.0. Retrieved from http://www.uptodate.com.byui.idm.oclc.org/contents/central-sleep-apnea-risk-factors-clinical-presentation-and-diagnosis?source=machineLearning&search=central+sleep+apnea&selectedTitle=1%7E46§ionRank=1&anchor=H3#H3
Schmidt-Nowara, W. (2014). Patient information: Sleep apnea in adults (Beyond the basics). UpToDate. 7719. Version 18.0 Retrieved from http://www.uptodate.com.byui.idm.oclc.org/contents/sleep-apnea-in-adults-beyond-the-basics?source=see_link